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The uniform rate is applicable to shipments of all sizes presented to a carrier, with no provision for discounted rates for larger shipments.
This document outlines the requirements and guidelines for implementing Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) between enterprises utilizing the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) of the Internet's Web page protocol. The standard being discussed is an expansion of its predecessor, known as Applicability Statement 1 (AS1). The specifications in question were formulated by EDI over the Internet (EDIINT), a working group within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) dedicated to the development of robust and secure standards for commercial communications.
A corporation that provides online access to various software (such as word processors, database programs, web browsers, development tools, and communication programs) and associated services that would otherwise necessitate local installation on individual computers. ASP services, sometimes known as "apps-on-tap," are anticipated to emerge as a significant alternative, particularly for smaller organizations with limited financial resources allocated to information technology. The objective is to alleviate the operational load of a corporation through the implementation, administration, and upkeep of software systems.
The process of exchanging data between computers without the need for manual data entry.
The expenses related to the official assessment and examination of quality within the organization. The customary expenses
The following is a compilation of the suppliers who have been granted approval to engage in business activities. The creation of the Approved Vendor List (AVL) is often carried out by procurement or sourcing professionals in conjunction with engineering people. This process involves the evaluation of multiple factors, including technological capabilities, product functionality, financial stability, and supplier track record.
The metric is employed to demonstrate advancement rather than only presenting gathered facts. The comparison between indicated performance and data.
The measurement and its associated causal implications are readily accessible to all individuals who undergo measurement, therefore facilitating comprehension.
The United States federal agency is tasked with the responsibility of overseeing the construction and upkeep of waterways. An arrow diagram is a graphical representation that depicts the relationships and dependencies between various elements or activities in a system or process. It is
A planning tool utilized for the purpose of visually representing a series of events or activities (referred to as nodes) and the interconnectedness between them.
A production environment characterized by the assembly of a good or service subsequent to the acceptance of an order from a client. The assembly or finishing process typically involves the utilization of various important components, such as bulk, semi-finished, intermediate, subassembly, fabricated, purchased, packed, and other relevant materials. These components are strategically planned and often kept in stock in preparation of customer orders. The commencement of the assembly process for the customized product is triggered upon receipt of an order. This particular approach is advantageous in scenarios where a considerable quantity of final goods can be constructed by utilizing shared components, contingent upon the chosen options and accessories.
A collective assemblage of subassemblies and/or components that are integrated to form a significant division within the ultimate product. An assembly can serve as either a final product or as a constituent part of a more complex assembly.
The assembly process involves the arrangement of equipment and work centers in a manner that adheres to the sequential order in which raw materials and parts are assembled.
This refers to the degree to which an organization's assets can be re-purposed. In a supply chain context, high asset specificity often means higher costs or risks associated with changing suppliers or production processes.
The allocation of costs based on causal links. Due to the perceived relevance of cost causal links in managerial decision-making, the assignment of costs is often considered more favorable than the utilization of allocation strategies.
The aforementioned entity is an association within the railroad business that serves as a representative body for the major railways operating inside the United States.
The notion of presuming that the contents of a package correspond to the information provided on a shipping or delivery note. The people responsible for shipping and receiving do not perform a thorough inspection of the quantity of items delivered. This operational procedure is employed in conjunction with bar codes and an Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)-delivered Advanced Shipping Notice (ASN) to eliminate the need for invoices and expedite the process of receiving goods.
In certain scenarios, it is possible for two interconnected processes to be initiated and executed simultaneously, without each process having to wait for the other to finish.
The term "lowest level of division" pertains to the most granular level inside a process, product structure, network, or similar system. Atomic elements generally cannot be subdivided. In the context of a process, the term "this" pertains to a distinct and individual activity. inside a product structure, "this" would denote a singular component that constitutes a part of the whole. Similarly, inside a network, "this" could signify a solitary warehouse or location.
A supplementary component that necessitates physical attachment to the primary product.
A designation employed to offer supplementary categorization or elucidation regarding a resource, activity, or cost object. The tool is employed to direct one's attention and may be influenced by personal perspectives. Examples can be considered as distinctive features, evaluations or ratings of a product or activity, or collections of these elements, along with performance indicators.
The act of inspecting and examining a process or quality system in order to verify its adherence to specified requirements. An audit has the potential to encompass the entirety of an organization or may be limited in scope to a particular function, process, or production step.
The process of manually or electronically tracking the transactions that impact the content or source of a record.
One defining attribute of contemporary information systems is to the degree of simplicity with which data can be validated by cross-referencing it with source documents, as well as the amount to which auditors may place reliance on pre-verified and well monitored control processes.
The accurate calculation of transportation fees owed to the carrier.
The act of confirming the suitability of a device, originator, or individual to get access to designated categories of information or restricted locations inside a facility. The aforementioned procedure entails the correlation of machine-readable code with a pre-established roster of approved individuals who are granted access. 2) The act of verifying the authenticity of a transmission, message, equipment, or sender, intended to safeguard against deceptive transmissions.
A concise sequence of characters employed for the purpose of verifying the legitimacy of transactions conducted between entities engaged in trade. Autodiscrimination
In relation to an automatic identifying system. This encompasses technological advancements such as the implementation of bar coding and radio frequency tagging (RFID).
The capacity of a barcode reader to identify the specific bar code symbology being scanned.
One characteristic of extensive call center or "Customer Interaction Center" telephone switches is the implementation of call routing based on predetermined criteria, such as the availability of employees or their specific skill sets.
The United States is home to a nationwide electronic payments system that is utilized by over 15,000 financial institutions on behalf of about 100,000 corporations and millions of consumers. The preferred funds transfer technology utilized by businesses for electronic payments to vendors is both cost-effective and capable of transmitting remittance information in standardized formats that can be processed by computers.
The present study aims to provide an update on the outdated Automated Commercial System (ACS). The primary objective of this initiative is to establish an automated information system that facilitates the efficient collecting, processing, and analysis of commercial import and export data. This system aims to enhance the speed and cost-effectiveness of goods transportation through ports, while also enabling the identification and mitigation of potential terrorist threats.
An automated transportation network is designed to efficiently guide and direct one or more material handling equipment, such as carts or pallet trucks, to specified destinations without the need for human interaction.
Self-propelled robotic vehicles used to transport goods within a warehouse or distribution center, reducing manual labor and increasing efficiency.
The proposed system entails a high-density rack inventory storage system that incorporates unmanned vehicles for the automated loading and unloading of products to and from the racks.
The utilization of a collection of inventory bookkeeping techniques that facilitate the automatic modification of computerized inventory records in response to a manufacturing transaction. Various automatic relief methods include backflushing, direct-deduct, pre-deduct, and post-deduct processing.
The computer system does rescheduling by automatically adjusting the due dates on scheduled receipts when it identifies a discrepancy between the due dates and need dates.
The inventory balance available for immediate use, after subtracting allocations, reservations, backorders, and typically
The unallocated fraction of a company's inventory and scheduled production that is recorded in the master schedule in order to facilitate the fulfillment of customer orders. The ATP quantity refers to the unallocated inventory balance in the initial period and is often computed for each subsequent period that includes a scheduled reception in the Master Production Schedule (MPS). During the first time frame, ATP encompasses the existing inventory minus the customer orders that are both scheduled and past their due dates. There are three distinct calculation methods employed in the field, namely discrete ATP, cumulative ATP with lookahead, and cumulative ATP without lookahead.
The aggregate amount of merchandise allocated for transportation to a designated maritime destination or commercial point of sale. This encompasses the present stock at a certain site as well as any outstanding purchase orders.
The monetary worth of direct materials obtained during the specified year, for which the corresponding payment has not yet been settled. Production-related materials refer to goods that are categorized as material purchases and are accounted for in the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) as purchases of raw materials.
The overall cost, which includes allocated overhead, for the production of a batch of goods, is divided by the total number of units produced to determine the cost per unit.
The mean inventory level within a specified time interval. The concept inherently encompasses a "sampling period," denoting the temporal interval between successive inventory measures. As an illustration, the study examines inventory levels on a daily basis over a span of two weeks, as well as on an hourly basis throughout a single day. The average inventory for a given time period can exhibit significant variability based on the chosen sampling period.
The mean duration between the reception of production-related items and the subsequent payment for these materials. Production-related materials refer to goods that are categorized as material purchases and are accounted for in the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) as purchases of raw materials. One component of the Cash-to-Cash Cycle Time.
A cost that is specifically linked to an action and would not be present if the activity was not undertaken.
The evaluation of the contractor's performance standards is conducted by the government through a subjective review.
B
The customer placed a purchase for a product that was not currently in stock. The customer was informed that the product would be shipped to them as soon as it becomes available.
One method for determining the commencement and completion dates of operations. The schedule is calculated by commencing with the designated deadline for the order and thereafter tracing back to ascertain the necessary commencement date and/or deadlines for each individual operation.
The proposed approach involves an automated inventory bookkeeping method wherein the computer system automatically decreases the recorded book inventory of components following the completion of activities pertaining to the upper-level parent item. This reduction is based on the predetermined usage indicated in the bill of material and allocation records. One drawback of this strategy is the inherent discrepancy between the recorded information in the book and the actual physical availability of the item in stock.
The phenomenon of a transportation vehicle traversing back from its initial destination to the point of departure. The deregulation of interstate commercial trucking through the 1980 Motor Carrier Act enabled carriers to engage in contractual agreements for the purpose of facilitating return trips. The backhaul has the potential to be either fully loaded, partially loaded, or completely empty. The term "deadheading" refers to the practice of operating a backhaul with no cargo or passengers.
The company has received customer orders that have not yet been shipped, which encompass backorders as well as future orders.
An unfulfilled customer order due to temporary stockouts or insufficient inventory, leading to delayed delivery until the items are restocked or produced.
Reintegrating a function internally upon the expiration of an outsourcing contract.
The balance refers to the remaining quantity of a promotion or order that is still pending shipment. Additionally, it is worth noting
The double-entry record system provides a comprehensive representation of the inventory status, encompassing the balance of inventory items currently in possession, as well as the balances of products that have been ordered and are either pending delivery or available for future orders. In cases when a reserve system of materials control is used, the quantity of material held in reserve is also displayed.
The structured measuring approach was established by David Norton and Robert Kaplan, esteemed scholars from the Harvard Business School. The evaluation of business performance is predicated upon a combination of financial and non-financial metrics. This is a compilation of financial and operational metrics employed for the assessment of organizational or supply chain performance. The elements encompassed by the balanced scorecard framework consist of the customer view, business process perspective, financial perspective, and innovation and learning perspectives. It serves as a formal means of establishing a connection between the overarching objectives, tactics, and measurements. Every dimension is associated with certain objectives and metrics.
A symbol comprised of a sequence of printed bars that indicate numerical or data values. The proposed method entails the utilization of optical character recognition technology to scan and track units. This is achieved by reading a sequence of printed bars, which are subsequently translated into a numeric or alphanumeric identification number. One widely recognized illustration is the Universal Product Code (UPC) utilized on retail packaging.
A technological apparatus designed for the purpose of scanning bar codes and transmitting the acquired data to computer systems.
The cargo-carrying vehicle that is predominantly utilized by inland water companies. The fundamental barges include open tops, though.
There are various factors that impede organizations from venturing into a specific sector, including the substantial upfront capital required for equipment acquisition.
The proportion of a corporation's demand that originates from ongoing contracts and/or established clientele. Due of its widespread recognition and frequent occurrence, this need serves as the foundation for management's strategic initiatives.
The inventory level is comprised of the combined quantity of aggregate lot-size inventory and aggregate safety stock inventory. The production plan fails to include the potential inventory buildup resulting from anticipated demand. It is imperative to ascertain the base inventory level prior to formulating the production strategy.
The utilization of a conventional sequence of demand-over-time variables in the prediction of seasonal goods. The determination of these elements often relies on the comparative level of demand seen in the comparable time frame of preceding years. The mean value of the base series across a seasonal cycle is expected to be 1.0. A value greater than 1.0 signifies that the demand for the given time exceeds the average, while a value less than 1.0 indicates a demand below the average. In order to make accurate predictions, the base series is overlaid onto the average demand and demand trend for the specific item.
The proposed inventory system entails the issuance of a replenishment order whenever a withdrawal occurs, with the order quantity being equivalent to the amount withdrawn. This particular approach is commonly known as a par-stock system, which involves replenishing stock to reach the desired par level. Within this particular system, upon the receipt of an order for any given item, said order is utilized as a picking ticket. Additionally, duplicate copies, referred to as replenishment orders, are thereafter dispatched to all stages of production in order to commence the replenishment process for inventories. Base stock orders, commonly referred to as positive or negative orders, are occasionally employed to modify the quantity of base stock for individual items. In practical implementation, the accumulation of replenishment orders occurs upon issuance and subsequent release at consistent intervals.
The establishment of a benchmark by means of monitoring the early performance of a procedure. The baseline serves as a fundamental reference point.
A manufacturer that utilizes natural resources in the production of materials for subsequent manufacturing processes. An illustrative instance involves a steel corporation engaged in the extraction and refinement of iron ore, resulting in the production of steel ingots. Additional examples encompass entities involved in the manufacturing of wood pulp, glass, and rubber.
The outcome of consolidating transactions during the initial phase and implementing control totals to ensure accurate processing. The control totals can be established using several methods, including document counts, record counts, quantity totals, money totals, or hash totals (which involve a combination of data, such as customer AR numbers).
A numerical identifier that is assigned to a particular batch or production run of products and employed for the purpose of tracking.
The proposed approach for order picking involves consolidating order requirements on a product basis over several orders, with the aim of minimizing the need for frequent movement to and from product locations. The combined amounts of each product are thereafter transferred to a shared location where the individual orders are assembled.
The phrase "batch processing" in computer science refers to the computational process of handling accumulated computer data as a cohesive unit. The aforementioned statement presents a contrast to the concept of "real-time" processing, wherein transactions are handled in their entirety as they unfold.
The computer word that characterizes the velocity of data transfer across a certain channel or circuit. The baud rate refers to the quantity of pulses that can be transmitted during a single second, typically corresponding to the number of bits per second. The prevailing transmission speeds for "dial-up" lines are currently observed to be 1200, 2400, 4800, and 9600 bits, as well as 19.2 and 56 kilobytes (Kbs). It is worth noting that broadband circuits can potentially achieve even greater rates.
A particular procedure or set of procedures that have been acknowledged as the optimal approach for carrying out a task. The implementation of Best Practices is subject to variation based on the specific industry or geographic context in which they are being applied. The application of best practices methodology can be extended to many aspects such as resources, activities, cost objects, or processes.
A preliminary iteration of a merchandise that is distributed to consumers for the purpose of assessment and solicitation of input. A bilateral contract refers to a legally binding agreement between two parties in which both parties have made promises to perform certain actions or provide certain
A contractual arrangement in which both parties mutually commit to fulfilling obligations to one another.
A comprehensive enumeration of tasks and actions that are necessary for the completion of a product, service, process output, or any other cost object. The features of a bill of activity may encompass the quantitative measures of volume and/or cost associated with each individual activity listed.
The transportation document in question is a legally binding agreement that outlines the terms and circumstances governing the carriage of goods between the shipper and the carrier.
A comprehensive inventory of all the requisite materials, components, and their respective amounts, essential for the production of a specific final product, assembly, subassembly, or manufactured part, regardless of whether they are procured or not.
The adherence of a designated inventory to administrative requirements, ensuring accurate quantities for all products listed.
A list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.
A compilation of resources necessary for the completion of a specific task or activity. Resource qualities encompass various factors, such as cost and volumes.
1) The aforementioned device is specifically engineered to accommodate diminutive individual components. 2) A storage apparatus including tangible partitions that demarcate distinct compartments.
The computer phrase in question pertains to a numerical notation system characterized by the presence of only two distinct states or values, namely zero (0) and one (1). Computer systems employ a binary methodology in which a discrete unit of data, known as a "binary digit" or bit, can exist in one of two states: "on" or "off" (represented by the digits 1 or 0, respectively). A "Byte" is formed by combining many bits, serving as a representation for a character or numerical value.
The computer terminology in question pertains to a communication protocol that involves the transmission of messages in the form of character blocks. The receiving computer verifies the integrity and accuracy of the data blocks.
The prevailing picture format utilized on computers compatible with the Windows operating system. Bitmap images have the capability to be stored for both Windows and OS/2 operating systems, and they have the ability to display a wide range of colors, specifically up to 24 bits.
A durable dedication to a supplier for the procurement of materials in exchange for intermittent, temporary releases.
The US Government Service Administration offers a procurement schedule for both buyers and sellers. This schedule not only ensures that prices have been deemed fair and reasonable, but also specifies the terms for the provision of goods and services. Additionally, it may establish a sole provider to deliver these goods and services over a specified duration.
The permission to transport and/or manufacture goods in accordance with a comprehensive agreement or contract. The term "blanket rate" refers to a fixed or uniform rate that is applied uniformly to a group or category of items or
An unvalidated procedure or technological innovation that is much ahead of its temporal context, perhaps resulting in a competitive disadvantage.
A schematic representation that illustrates the functioning, interconnectedness, and interdependence of constituent elements within a given system. The components are represented by boxes or blocks, which is why they are referred to as such. The interfaces are depicted by connecting lines between these blocks.
A limitation that hinders more or in-depth examination or validation of a functional domain or characteristic, or any concern that would impede the distribution of the product.
The MRP process incorporates a "phantom bill of material" and enables the MRP logic to directly determine the requirements for the components by passing through the phantom item. The MRP system typically maintains its capacity to offset any sporadic inventories of the item.
The designated compilation of information within a specific field that an individual is anticipated to possess.
Funds must be allocated exclusively for the purpose of addressing needs or providing services within the designated year of the appropriations obligation period.
Warehousing facilities authorized by customs authorities to store imported goods without paying duties or taxes until they are cleared for distribution or export.
The accounting concept of inventory units or value is derived from perpetual inventory records, as opposed to being determined through physical counting.
The aggregate amount of all received orders, excluding any discounts, coupons, allowances, and refunds, regardless of whether they have been dispatched or not.
A restriction refers to a limitation, hindrance, or deliberate measure that restricts the rate of output or the extent to which capacity is utilized.
Within the context of Material Requirements Planning (MRP), the utilization of pegging data is employed as a means to resolve issues pertaining to material availability or other related challenges. The aforementioned procedure is executed by the planner, as opposed to the computer system, who assesses the consequences of potential solutions. Possible strategies for addressing the issue at hand encompass reducing the duration of lead time, decreasing the quantity of orders, substituting materials, and modifying the master schedule.
The act of dispatching an additional catalog, which bears resemblance to or is identical to the one just requested by a customer.
The forecasting strategy employed in this study is a combination of regression and moving average models. The model is constructed using historical data of the item to be predicted at different time intervals, as well as previous forecasting errors, rather than relying on the regression of independent variables.
